Learning Gains in Traditional Versus Challenge-Based Higher Engineering Education
Conceive
Defining customer needs; considering technology, enterprise strategy, and regulations; developing concepts, techniques and business plans.
Design
Creating the design; the plans, drawings, and algorithms that describe what will be implemented.
Implement
The transformation of the design into the product, including manufacturing, coding, testing and validation.
Operate
Using the implemented product to deliver the intended value, including maintaining, evolving and retiring the system.
